Reading Comprehension & Vocabulary
A. Match the words from the text with their meanings
| Meaning | Word |
|---|---|
| a. the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level | altitude |
| b. a group of atoms bonded together | molecule |
| c. a state in which opposing forces are balanced | equilibrium |
| d. to change from a gas or vapour to a liquid | condense |
| e. a piece of unreliable information that is repeated so often that it is accepted as the fact | factoid |
| f. a space or container from which the air has been removed | vacuum |
| g. a device that is used to remove blockages from the drain of a basin or tub | plunger |
B. Complete the sentences with the correct words or phrases from the text.
a. Water bubbles break down if vapour pressure inside and outside the bubbles is ___________.
Answer: equal
b. As the altitude goes up, the boiling point of water ___________.
Answer: decreases
c. Random motion of molecules or particles is called ___________.
Answer: thermal motion
d. If the door does not open, try ___________ the key in the lock.
Answer: pushing
e. Certain chemicals can induce ___________ changes in the nervous system.
Answer: undesirable
C. Answer these questions.
a. What is the speed of the water particles compared with?
Answer: The speed of the water particles is compared with the height of a group of adult humans.
b. How are bubbles formed in the boiling water?
Answer: Bubbles are formed in boiling water when water molecules have enough energy to push back other water molecules in the liquid phase.
c. Mention two things on which external pressure depends.
Answer: External pressure depends on the depth of water and the density of water.
d. How is the atmosphere related to the pressure of water?
Answer: The atmosphere is related to the pressure of water as it contributes to the total pressure on the surface of the liquid. The atmosphere pushes down on the surface of the liquid, which increases the pressure in the liquid. So, the pressure of water is affected by both the atmospheric pressure and the pressure exerted by the water itself.
e. What would happen if the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased?
Answer: If the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased, it would also decrease the pressure in the liquid. If the pressure is reduced enough to bring it down to the same level as the vapor pressure, the water particles will have enough energy to form boiling bubbles without needing to increase the temperature.
f. What would the experimenter gain if s/he pulled the plunger out?
Answer: If the experimenter pulls the plunger out, it would decrease the pressure in the liquid and induce boiling.
D. Discussion Question
View Sample Answer
If there were no gravity on Earth, all objects would float in space, and there would be no force to hold objects to the ground. People and objects would be weightless and would float unless they were anchored down. The atmosphere would disperse and the oceans would float into space. Life as we know it would be impossible without gravity.
Grammar I: Conditionals (If Clauses)
A. Match the clauses with their appropriate continuation.
| Clause (Part A) | Continuation (Part B) |
|---|---|
| a. If you go to Taplejung | iii. you can see the Pathibhara temple. |
| b. You will get well soon | i. if you follow the doctor's advice. |
| c. The horse won't kick you | ii. unless you go behind it. |
| d. If I were you | vi. I would see a doctor. |
| e. What happens | iv. if you heat water? |
| f. I would miss the bus | v. if I did not reach the bus stop on time. |
| g. Provided that they discussed properly | vii. they won't have misunderstanding. |
| h. As long as they communicate well | viii. the problem might be solved. |
B. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of verbs in brackets.
a. If it is cold, I ___________ (wear) a coat.
Answer: will wear
b. If Purna helps with the housework, his mother ___________ (have) more time for him.
Answer: will have
c. If I were a bird, I ___________ (make) a good observation of the land below.
Answer: would make
d. If I went to Mustang, I ___________ (visit) Muktinath.
Answer: would visit
e. If I were a billionaire, I ___________ (buy) a castle.
Answer: would buy
f. You'd save petrol if you ___________ (drive) more carefully.
Answer: drove
g. Say 'hello' if you ___________ (see) her.
Answer: see
h. Provided that you consent, I ___________ (take) a few days' leave next week.
Answer: will take
i. Take care of the pence, the pounds ___________ (take) care of themselves.
Answer: will take
Writing I: Instructional Writing
[circle, lines, semi-straight, creaky, on top of, above, below]
View Stepwise Instructions
How to Draw a Jellyfish
- Begin by drawing a circle for the jellyfish's head.
- Draw a line extending downwards from the bottom of the circle for the jellyfish's body.
- Next, draw several semi-straight lines extending downwards from the body. These lines will represent the jellyfish's tentacles.
- Add some creaky curves to the tentacles to make them look more natural.
- On top of the jellyfish's head, draw two large, circular eyes with small dots in the centre for pupils.
- Draw a small smile below the eyes to give the jellyfish a friendly expression.
- Finally, add some shading or color to your drawing to make it stand out. Consider adding some light blue above the jellyfish and darker blue below to give the impression of water.
Congratulations, you have successfully drawn a jellyfish!