Reading I: The Ant and the Grasshopper
1. What do you think the two insects are doing?
Answer: The grasshopper is dancing whereas the ant is working and collecting food for winter.
2. What do you think happens to them when winter comes?
Answer: When winter comes, they can’t get food in the field.
A. Vocabulary Replacement
(industry, hilarious, qualm, enticements, obliged, amendments, expostulations)
a. If your talent combines with diligence, you can excel in your field.
Answer: If your talent combines with industry, you can excel in your field.
b. The dessert menu has a lot of delicious temptations.
Answer: The dessert menu has a lot of delicious enticements.
c. The house passed the bill without listening to the public objections.
Answer: The house passed the bill without listening to the public expostulations.
d. Knowledge of the ill effects of tobacco has led to modifications in smoking behaviour.
Answer: Knowledge of the ill effects of tobacco has led to amendments in smoking behaviour.
e. Without any regret, Yule started spending his father's inheritance.
Answer: Without any qualm, Yule started spending his father's inheritance.
f. Mr. Smith read a humorous story which matched his real life.
Answer: Mr. Smith read a hilarious story which matched his real life.
B. Chronological Order
- - Tom began to blackmail his brother for money.
- - Tom left his wife and his office.
- - When his money was spent, he borrowed it from friends and spent it on luxuries.
- - George continued to pay for his brother's expenses.
- - Tom bought a motor-car and some very nice jewellery.
- - Tom took the help of Cronshaw to cheat his brother, and left for Monte Carlo.
- - Tom promised to make a fresh start.
- - The Ramsays were perfectly respectable people.
- - Tom never settled down.
View Correct Order
- The Ramsays were perfectly respectable people.
- Tom left his wife and his office.
- When his money was spent, he borrowed it from friends and spent it on luxuries.
- Tom promised to make a fresh start.
- George continued to pay for his brother's expenses.
- Tom bought a motor-car and some very nice jewellery.
- Tom never settled down.
- Tom began to blackmail his brother for money.
- Tom took the help of Cronshaw to cheat his brother, and left for Monte Carlo.
C. Answer the following questions
a. Why is Tom described as the ‘black sheep’ of the Ramsay family?
Tom is described as the ‘black sheep’ of the Ramsay family because he spoilt the reputation of the family.
b. What was a respectable profession for Tom?
To serve in a bar as well as to drive a taxi was a respectable profession for Tom.
c. Why was George Ramsay staring into space?
George Ramsay was staring into space because his brother gave him a lot of trouble.
d. Why did Tom leave his work and wife?
Tom left his work and wife because he wanted to enjoy himself.
e. How did Tom manage his life when he ran out of money in the beginning?
When he ran out of money in the beginning, Tom managed his life by borrowing money from his friends.
f. How did Cronshaw and Tom cheat George?
Cronshaw and Tom cheated George by taking the case to court of not paying the bill.
g. What made George realise that his brother would never settle down?
He gave trouble one after another which made George realise that his brother would never settle down.
h. What is the moral of the story ‘The Ant and Grasshopper’?
The moral of the story ‘The Ant and Grasshopper’ is we must be obedient, honest and labourious.
Grammar I: Causative Verbs
A. Make Sentences
| Phoolmaya Santosh Biraj I They |
had / will have / make gets make / has / was/were made |
my shoes me / him / her to dance Suman his brother |
at the party. repaired last Sunday. write a letter tomorrow. to play with him all the time. wash my clothes. to smoke against my will. dig the field. to type the document. send her the mail. |
B. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of have, get or make.
a. Did they ……….. you give a speech on behalf of the group?
Answer: Did they have you give a speech on behalf of the group?
b. Instead of buying a new car, why don't you …… the old one fixed?
Answer: Instead of buying a new car, why don't you get the old one fixed?
c. I ……… my hair cut tomorrow morning.
Answer: I have my hair cut tomorrow morning.
d. The teacher ………. every one of us to write an essay yesterday.
Answer: The teacher gets every one of us to write an essay yesterday.
e. Ms. Shrestha usually …………. her hair dried at the hairdresser’s.
Answer: Ms. Shrestha usually has her hair dried at the hairdresser’s.
f. My mum always ……….. me clean my room on Saturdays.
Answer: My mum always makes me clean my room on Saturdays.
g. I ………. my landlord to fix the broken windowpane this morning.
Answer: I get my landlord to fix the broken windowpane this morning.
h. Suman ………. all the Maths problems solved by the teacher.
Answer: Suman gets all the Maths problems solved by the teacher.
C. Rewrite the sentences with have, get or make.
a. She will ask her sister to light the lamp.
Answer: She will make her sister light the lamp.
b. I am going to ask the dentist to fill my teeth.
Answer: I am going to make the dentist fill my teeth.
c. Will you ask the barber to cut your hair?
Answer: Will you get the barber to cut your hair?
d. I can’t design my house myself. So I am going to ask an architect to do it.
Answer: I can’t design my house myself. So I am going to have an architect do it.
e. The girl asked her mechanic to repair her moped.
Answer: The girl had her mechanic repair her moped.
f. The landlady asks the gardener to cut the grass.
Answer: The landlady gets the gardener to cut the grass.
D. Choose the best alternatives and complete the sentences.
a. Mina got Shambhu ……………… (carry/to carry/carried) her suitcase.
Answer: Mina got Shambhu to carry her suitcase.
b. Rita had Ankit ………………… (wash/to wash/washed) her clothes.
Answer: Rita had Ankit wash her clothes.
c. They got me ……… (dance/to dance/danced) at my brother's wedding.
Answer: They got me to dance at my brother's wedding.
d. Kumari was made………….(turn on/to turn on/turned on) the television.
Answer: Kumari was made to turn on the television.
e. Barsha got new books …………… (buy/to buy/bought) her last week.
Answer: Barsha got new books bought her last week.
f. Upendra got Mukesh ………… (watch/to watch/watched) his house.
Answer: Upendra got Mukesh to watch his house.
g. My father is very kind. He never makes us …...… (do/to do/ done) heavy work.
Answer: My father is very kind. He never makes us do heavy work.
h. The film was very humorous. It made us all………………… (laugh/to laugh/laughed) throughout the film.
Answer: The film was very humorous. It made us all laugh throughout the film.
i. His hair was too long. So he had it ………………… (cut/to cut/ cutting) yesterday.
Answer: His hair was too long. So he had it cut yesterday.
j. The manager……………..(made/got/make) his secretary attend the conference.
Answer: The manager made his secretary attend the conference.
k. Mathew made the mechanic………………… (overhaul/to overhaul/ overhauling) his car.
Answer: Mathew made the mechanic overhaul his car.
l. Smith had Jacque ……………… (fetch/to fetch/fetched) a pail of water.
Answer: Smith had Jacque fetch a pail of water.
m. My maths teacher asked us to remember all the theorems. In other words, we were made ……… (remember/remembered/to remember) all the theorems.
Answer: My maths teacher asked us to remember all the theorems. In other words, we were made to remember all the theorems.
Reading II: Leisure
1. What do you see in the picture?
Answer: We can see horses enjoying nature.
2. How is human life different from the lives of animals?
Answer: Human life is different from the lives of animals because human life is quite busy without any leisure.
A. Match the words with their meanings
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| stare | iv. to look at somebody or something for a long time |
| beneath | v. under somebody or something |
| woods | i. an area of trees |
| enrich | ii. to improve the quality of something |
| glance | iii. to look quickly at somebody or something |
B. Answer the following questions
a. Why is our life so miserable, according to the poet?
According to the poet, our life is so miserable because we have no leisure.
b. What do sheep and cows do in nature?
Sheep and cows play, enjoy and stare at the beauty of nature.
c. What do squirrels do in the woods?
They hide their nuts in the grass.
d. What magic does Beauty perform?
Beauty performs the dance which enriches the smile.
e. What is human life like, if observed carefully?
Human life is poor, full of duties and responsibilities if it is observed carefully.
D. Writing Practice
Grammar II: Passive Voice
A. Study the example sentences in the table below.
| Verb tenses | Active voice | Passive voice |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | He delivers the letters. | The letters are delivered. |
| Past Simple | He delivered the letters. | The letters were delivered. |
| Future Simple | He will deliver the letters. | The letters will be delivered. |
| Present Continuous | He is delivering the letters. | The letters are being delivered. |
| Past Continuous | He was delivering the letters. | The letters were being delivered. |
| Going to | He is going to deliver the letters. | The letters are going to be delivered. |
| Present Perfect | He has delivered the letters. | The letters have been delivered. |
| Past Perfect | He had delivered the letters. | The letters had been delivered. |
| Infinitive | He has to deliver the letters. | The letters have to be delivered. |
| Modals | He must deliver the letters. | The letters must be delivered. |
B. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
a. Someone is helping her with the housework.
Answer: She is being helped with her housework.
b. The mail-order company sent him a parcel.
Answer: He was sent a parcel by the mail-order company.
c. My friend sent me an invitation.
Answer: I was sent an invitation by my friend.
d. The secretary has given the minister the letters.
Answer: The minister has been given the letters by the secretary.
e. The traffic police officer had already fined him for a parking offence.
Answer: He had already been fined for a parking offence by the traffic police officer.
f. John gave Elizabeth that beautiful ring.
Answer: Elizabeth was given that beautiful ring by John.
g. Her students have sent her flowers.
Answer: She has been sent flowers by her students.
h. He must give the message to the right person.
Answer: The message must be given to the right person by him.
i. We teach our students English and French.
Answer: Our students are taught English and French.
j. Someone bought flowers for the bride.
Answer: Flowers were bought for the bride.
k. The guide showed the tourists the sights of Pokhara.
Answer: The tourists were showed the sights of Pokhara by the guide.
l. They pay her an excellent salary.
Answer: She is paid an excellent salary.
C. Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form.
View Completed Paragraphs
The Mayor inaugurated a sports centre in our town last week. The facility is believed to be one of the largest in the country and experts hope that it will be visited by thousands of amateur and professional athletes over the course of the next few years.
The centre has been constructed for over 6 years. However, it has yet to be completely finished. Workers are making the final adjustments this week and say that it will have been completed by the end of the month.
The centre offers various sports facilities including two indoor swimming pools, three large gyms and a ball court. They can be booked online or directly at the administration desk. The equipment had been bought from local companies, which also provided training programs.
The new centre has been financed by government funds as well as grants that have been given to the region by the European Union. Politicians and famous athletes from all over the country will be invited to the official opening ceremony, scheduled for next Tuesday.
Writing II
differences • similarities • benefits • balance