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Reading Comprehension & Vocabulary
A. Complete the following sentences with the correct words from the text.
a. Queen Rajendra Laxmi ruled the country as a ___________ because her son Rana Bahadur Shah was too young.
Answer: regent
b. Many buildings were ___________ as they were destroyed by the earthquake.
Answer: renovated
c. Many temples had their ___________ made of gold.
Answer: pinnacles
d. As the original trophy was stolen, they made the exact ___________ of it.
Answer: replica
e. Madhav Prasad Ghimire was ___________ the title 'Rastrakavi' in 2003.
Answer: conferred
f. The government ___________ Jhamak Kumari Ghimire for her contribution to Nepali literature.
Answer: patronised
g. The British soldiers tried to ___________ Nepal but the brave Nepali people chased them away.
Answer: invade
B. Choose the best alternative.
a. Why did Pratap Malla keep his father in jail?
Answer: ii. Pratap Malla wanted to be the king soon.
b. What made Kantipur a strong state during Pratap Malla's reign?
Answer: ii. Pratap Malla's diplomacy
c. Which of the following was not renovated by Pratap Malla?
Answer: iv. Temple of Budhanilkantha
d. According to the text, which of the following did not happen during Pratap Malla's reign?
Answer: iii. Invasion of Kantipur
C. Answer these questions.
a. Name two countries that had trade with Kantipur.
Answer: Two countries that had trade with Kantipur during Pratap Malla's reign were India and China.
b. How did Pratap Malla keep his kingdom safe from Lalitpur and Bhaktapur?
Answer: Pratap Malla kept his kingdom safe from Lalitpur and Bhaktapur by using a tactic of making the kings of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur play against each other. He sometimes sided with Bhaktapur and posed a threat to Lalitpur, and on other occasions, he aligned with Lalitpur and fell upon Bhaktapur.
c. Where did Pratap Malla place the image of Lord Hanuman? Why?
Answer: Pratap Malla placed the image of Lord Hanuman by the side of his palace gate, and he called the palace Hanumandhoka. He did this to ward off evils.
d. Pratap Malla conferred himself with the title 'Kabeendra'. Do you think this title suit him? Give reasons.
Answer: Pratap Malla conferred himself with the title 'Kabeendra,' a king of poets. This title suits him as he was a vastly learned king, and a poet. He could compose poems in Sanskrit, Nepal Bhasa, Nepali, Bengali, and Hindi.
e. Pratap Malla used to invite the intellectuals at his palace. What does this indicate about his personality as a king?
Answer: Pratap Malla used to invite intellectuals to his palace. This indicates that he was a personality as a king who respected and patronized the scholars of his time. He was interested in learning and promoting art and literature.
D. Cultural Contributions
Pratap Malla made significant contributions to Nepali culture during his reign. Some of his contributions that still exist today include:
- The renovation of the Pashupatinath Temple and the erection of a pinnacle over it.
- The construction of various temples and structures at Swayambhu, including Pratappur and Kabeendrapur.
- The renovation of the temples of Basuki Bhimsen, Taleju, and Degutale.
- The erection of an image of Hanuman, the monkey god, by the side of his palace gate, which led to the palace being named Hanumandhoka.
- The construction of Sundari Chowk and Mohan Chowk inside the palace.
- The digging of a pond at Bhandarkhal and the installation of an image of Narayan lying in the pond, which was an exact replica from the Budhanilakantha Temple.
Grammar I: Past Simple & Past Continuous
A. Find the second part of each sentence. Then, change each verb into the correct form.
a. The alarm (go) — while Trishna (sleep).
Answer: The alarm went while Trishna was sleeping.
b. As soon as the teacher (ask) the question — Brinda (reply) her.
Answer: As soon as the teacher asked the question, Brinda replied her.
c. I (do) my homework — when the telephone (ring).
Answer: I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.
d. When the doors (open) — the audience (rush) into the stadium.
Answer: When the doors opened, the audience rushed into the stadium.
e. When we (wake) — we (see) the sun shining brightly.
Answer: When we woke, we saw the sun shining brightly.
B. Complete the sentences. Write in the correct form of the verb.
a. When I arrived home, my dad ................... snacks for me.
Answer: When I arrived home, my dad was preparing snacks for me.
b. That day, when we left home, the sky was overcast and it ...................
Answer: That day, when we left home, the sky was overcast and it was drizzling.
c. Last week, we booked a hotel online. The hotel was really wonderful. The staff ................... at the gate to welcome us when we reached there.
Answer: Last week, we booked a hotel online. The hotel was really wonderful. The staff stood at the gate to welcome us when we reached there.
d. ................... the children sleeping when you reached home that night?
Answer: Were the children sleeping when you reached home that night?
e. Something very strange happened on my way home yesterday. I was walking along the way. Suddenly, I ................... my grandfather following me. But he had died a year ago.
Answer: Something very strange happened on my way home yesterday. I was walking along the way. Suddenly, I saw my grandfather following me. But he had died a year ago.
f. We ................... to Chitwan when the police stopped us on the way. According to them, there was a bomb there. So, we had to wait for an hour.
Answer: We were traveling to Chitwan when the police stopped us on the way. According to them, there was a bomb there. So, we had to wait for an hour.
C. Make sentences using the words given in the brackets.
a. (It / begin / to snow / while / we / return / home)
Answer: It began to snow while we were returning home.
b. (Kamal / fall off / while / he / play / on the verandah)
Answer: Kamal fell off while he was playing on the verandah.
c. (Amit / wait / for me / when / I / reach / the station)
Answer: Amit was waiting for me when I reached the station.
d. (Simran / take / my photos / while / I / not look / at the camera)
Answer: Simran took my photos while I was not looking at the camera.
e. (What / you / do / yesterday / when / I / call / you?)
Answer: What were you doing yesterday when I called you?
f. (I / break / the glass / while / I / wash / it)
Answer: I broke the glass while I was washing it.
g. (The teacher / enter / the class / while / some students / dance / in the class)
Answer: The teacher entered the class while some students were dancing in the class.
h. (I / find / the lost purse / while / I / clean / the room)
Answer: I found the lost purse while I was cleaning the room.
i. (Dipisha / finish / her homework / while / her brother / watch / TV)
Answer: Dipisha finished her homework while her brother was watching TV.
Writing I
Read "Nepal's Journey to Democracy"
Nepal's journey from Panchayat to multiparty democracy was a long and tumultuous one. It all started on the 1st of Poush, 2017, when King Mahendra dismissed the elected government, suspended parliament, imprisoned the Prime Minister and Ministers, banned political parties and activities, and seized all power. The King announced the partyless autocratic Panchayat System on the 22nd of Poush, 2017, which lasted for nearly three decades. During this period, Nepal witnessed a period of relative stability, but it was marred by corruption, human rights violations, and suppression of dissent.
In 2036, King Birendra announced a referendum to decide whether to continue with the Panchayat System or to establish a multiparty democracy. The election took place on the 20th of Baishak, 2037, and the majority of the people voted for multiparty democracy. However, the King did not implement the result, and Nepal continued to be ruled under the Panchayat System for another five years.
In 2042, a non-violent civil disobedience movement was launched against the Panchayat System, which was led by several political parties, civil society organizations, and student groups. The movement was initially suppressed, but it gained momentum, and the government was forced to make some concessions. Finally, on the 7th of Falgun, 2046, the mass movement formally started, and it continued for several weeks until the King agreed to restore the multiparty system on the 26th of Chaitra, 2046.
The restoration of multiparty democracy marked a significant turning point in Nepal's history. It ushered in a period of political freedom, human rights, and economic growth. Nepal's journey from Panchayat to multiparty democracy was long and challenging, but it was a testament to the resilience and determination of the Nepali people to achieve their aspirations for a better future.
Read Opinion Essay
The Importance of Studying History
Studying history is a subject that can be approached from different perspectives, and opinions about its value vary widely. Some people view history as a useless subject that doesn't contribute to our daily lives or career prospects. On the other hand, some see it as a necessary field of study that provides a better understanding of the past, present, and future.
The importance of studying history cannot be overstated. It helps us understand how societies and cultures evolved over time, how conflicts arose and were resolved, and how ideas and beliefs influenced people's lives. It also enables us to recognize patterns and avoid repeating past mistakes.
Furthermore, history provides us with a sense of identity and belonging. It connects us to our ancestors and allows us to understand our heritage and cultural values. It can also inspire us by showing how individuals and societies overcame adversity and achieved great things.
While some may argue that history is not essential for certain professions, it can provide valuable insights that may not be apparent at first glance. For example, studying the history of medicine can offer valuable lessons that can be applied in current medical research and practice.
In conclusion, studying history is far from a waste of time. It is an essential subject that helps us understand the world around us and our place in it. It provides us with valuable insights and knowledge that can benefit us in many ways, both in our personal and professional lives.
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